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The most common cause of a dry mouth or Xerostomia is prescription medications such as antidepressants, muscle relaxers, anti-psychotic, antihistamines antiarryhythmics, anxiolytics, anti-hypertensive and diuretics. Other systemic diseases such as Lupus, Sjogrens, and hemolytic anemia can cause a dry mouth as well. In addition other factors such as mouth breathing or anxiety. Radiation and chemotherapy may contribute to dry mouth by destroying the salivary glands. Occasionally stones or tumors within salivary gland or the tube connecting the salivary gland to the mouth can obstruct salivary flow. As one ages there is a decrease in salivary gland production. Decreased salivary flow when severe may have significant effects on chewing and digestion, cause Burning Mouth Syndrome, and lead to increased dental decay. Diagnostic studies may include radiographic or MR imaging, biopsy or salivary function tests. Treatments include limiting any causative factors such as medications and stimulation of salivary flow.
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